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, Maximum Likelihood (REML); 'Nearest Neighbor fit

, Short Sequence Repeat (SSR

, Single Nucleotide 1020

, Polymorphism (SNP); Logarithm of Odds (LOD)

, Weighted Least Square (WLS); 'Akaike' Information Criterion, p.1021

, Confidence Intervals (CI

, Centimorgans (cM

, Resistance gene (R-gene), Gene Ontology (GO)

, Petals (NP

, Simple Interval Mapping (SIM)

, Composite Interval Mapping (CIM); Two-part model

. Tir-,

. Nb-lrr, TNL

. Nb-encoding,

, Quantitative Disease Resistance (QDR); Quantitative resistance 1024 loci (QRL)

. Cytochromes, CYP

. Pathogenesis-related,

, Thaumatin-Like Protein (TLP) 1025 RC1G0046700 rc01 6022946 6027291 NBS-LRR P-loop

. Rnbs-b, RC1G0054700 rc01 6918760 6921635 NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC1G0055000 rc01 7020069 7022309 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.9-15

. Rnbs-b, RC1G0057600 rc01 7392967 7394847 NBS-LRR P-loop

;. Nbs-lrr-p-loop and . Rnbs-b, NB-ARC:1.1e-63 RC1G0060200 rc01 7583456 7586325 NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC1G0579300 rc01 63596322 63598477 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.4-38

, RC1G0579500 rc01 63622337 63626256 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

. Cc-tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

, RC1G0581200 rc01 63709713 63715148 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.8-38

, RC2G0007700 rc02 674151 678665 CC-NBS-LRR TniB P-loop

, RC2G0134700 rc02 11227056 11230506 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.1-29

. P-loop, , vol.8, pp.6-24

. P-loop,

. Rnbs-b, RC2G0179300 rc02 15385324 15390125 NBS RPW8 P-loop

. P-loop, , pp.5-34

, NB-ARC:2.9e-30 RC2G0179600 rc02 15402279 15405360 NBS-LRR P-loop, RC2G0179800 rc02 15434947 15438315 CC-NBS-LRR RPW8,Vps 53_N P-loop, vol.8, pp.6-11

. P-loop, , vol.8, pp.1-26

. P-loop, NB-ARC:2.7e-30 RC2G0181000 rc02 15515501 15519519 NBS RPW8 P-loop, vol.8, pp.3-27

. P-loop,

. P-loop,

. P-loop,

. P-loop,

. Rnbs-b, RC2G0183000 rc02 15720908 15732328 CC-NBS-LRR RPW8,Pkin ase_Tyr P-loop, pp.2-45

. Rnbs-b, RC2G0184000 rc02 15816412 15826862 CC-NBS-LRR RPW8,zf-CCCH P-loop

, Peptidase_C48:6e-30 RC2G0199900 rc02 17674833 17684919 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, RC2G0184100 rc02 15828907 15835140 NBS RPW8,Pept idase_C48 P-loop, pp.1-33

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, RC2G0200200 rc02 17718777 17727816, vol.8, pp.6-10

, RC2G0294800 rc02 29720246 29724405 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC2G0350400 rc02 39412156 39414798 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.6-06

. Rnbs-b, RC2G0350700 rc02 39441734 39444415 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.9-57

, LRR_4:0.0013 -NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.7-56

, RC2G0394600 rc02 45176707 45181083 NBS P-loop, pp.3-60

, RC2G0401600 rc02 46049909 46052803 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

. Rnbs-b, RC2G0425100 rc02 49561390 49564576 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

, NB-ARC:7e-45 RC2G0428600 rc02 49927478 49934703 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

, LRR_8:6.7e-08 RC2G0430300 rc02 50021196 50024246 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, p.61

, LRR_8:1.2e-05 RC2G0441000 rc02 51485056 51489326 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.1-06

, RC2G0474400 rc02 55058308 55061000 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.6-11

, RC2G0506600 rc02 58862239 58866940 NBS DAGK_acc P-loop, pp.2-10

. P-loop, , pp.3-19

, RC2G0534600 rc02 61705745 61710532 NBS P-loop, pp.1-57

, RC2G0588700 rc02 66625748 66630124 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, RC2G0587100 rc02 66525159 66528095 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.5-51

. Nbs-lrr-p-loop, , pp.4-51

, LRR_8:0.00019 RC3G0042600 rc03 8370125 8377814 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.2-61

, RC3G0047600 rc03 9080520 9088487 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC3G0062300 rc03 11919385 11921083 NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.9-14

. P-loop, , vol.8, pp.9-13

. Rnbs-b, RC3G0098600 rc03 17063773 17066571 TIR-NBS P-loop

, LRR_8:2.4e-08 RC3G0123500 rc03 20179686 20181286 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.9-54

, RC3G0136600 rc03 21808068 21810533 NBS P-loop, pp.6-20

, RC3G0145900 rc03 22703075 22704352 CC-NBS P-loop, pp.3-29

, NB-ARC:1.6e-48 RC3G0200800 rc03 28549670 28551783 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.8-54

. P-loop, , pp.6-53

, RC3G0216100 rc03 30235476 30237794 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.7-32

, RC3G0242300 rc03 33188950 33190098 NBS P-loop, pp.9-39

, RC3G0242600 rc03 33200787 33209563 NBS Cyclin_N P-loop, pp.4-07

. Rnbs-b, RC3G0243600 rc03 33281601 33296322 NBS-LRR P-loop

. P-loop, , pp.1-53

, NB-ARC:4.8e-62 RC3G0252800 rc03 34112771 34115901 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.9-57

. P-loop, , pp.5-49

, NB-ARC:9, vol.8, pp.3-05

, LRR_4:0.004 RC4G0026100 rc04 2528716 2531583 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, RC4G0018200 rc04 1569721 1571754 NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.9-73

. P-loop, , pp.7-58

. P-loop,

;. Nbs-lrr-p-loop and . Rnbs-b, , pp.9-48

. Rnbs-b, RC4G0088100 rc04 10595425 10611786 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

. P-loop,

, RC4G0089900 rc04 10762137 10766873 CC-NBS P-loop, pp.6-46

, RC4G0131400 rc04 18217613 18221438 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.4-07

. Rnbs-b, RC4G0177100 rc04 26269454 26272936 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

. P-loop,

, RC4G0186600 rc04 27506043 27509702 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.3-34

, RC4G0191600 rc04 28026959 28031459 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC4G0192500 rc04 28192080 28197651 NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC4G0211800 rc04 30991554 30994632 NBS P-loop, pp.1-50

, LRR_4:0.0048 RC4G0233500 rc04 34258520 34261161 NBS-LRR P-loop

. Nbs-lrr-p-loop,

P. , NB-ARC:2, p.2

. P-loop, , pp.2-57

. P-loop, , pp.5-34

, RC4G0281100 rc04 39962829 39966458 NBS P-loop, pp.1-57

. Nbs-lrr-apolipopro-tein-p-loop,

. P-loop, , pp.1-66

P. , , vol.8, pp.2-09

. P-loop, , pp.7-32

, RC4G0480000 rc04 57386756 57392858 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.2-65

, RC5G0010900 rc05 648214 651605 NBS P-loop, pp.8-73

. Nbs-lrr-p-loop, RC5G0031700 rc05 2180099 2186355 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.4-56, 2012173.

, RC5G0032000 rc05 2200115 2202139 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.2-26

, RC5G0061300 rc05 4199023 4201464 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.5-36

, RC5G0127700 rc05 9487723 9492155 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.5-46

, LRR_8:6.4e-07 RC5G0169300 rc05 13053055 13055802 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, RC5G0231700 rc05 19480303 19485750 TIR-NBS P-loop, vol.2, pp.1-48

, NB-ARC:3.3e-26 RC5G0327400 rc05 30163102 30167202 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.7, pp.4-47

. Rnbs-b, RC5G0343700 rc05 32507785 32512256 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

P. ,

. P-loop,

, RC5G0376400 rc05, vol.36979080

. P-loop, , vol.8, pp.2-05

. Nbs-lrr-p-loop,

. Rnbs-b, RC5G0403300 rc05 40299954 40303988 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.1-29

, RC5G0441600 rc05 46313610 46317073 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.3-82

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, , pp.2-29

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, , pp.1-06

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, NB-ARC:9, vol.7, pp.2-34

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

, rc05 61157136 61161309 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.3-06

, RC5G0529400 rc05 61185509 61186618 NBS P-loop, pp.5-36

, RC5G0550500 rc05 64286509 64289637 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

. Cc-tir-nbs-lrr-nap-p-loop, , pp.9-68

. Tir-nbs-p-loop, NB-ARC:2.8e-34 RC5G0551600 rc05 64416135 64418578 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.2-46

, RC5G0555100 rc05 64897229 64898989 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.9-35

;. Tir-nbs-p-loop and . Rnbs-b, , pp.6-35

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, LRR_8:0.0062 RC5G0600200 rc05 69891742 69900734 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.3, pp.9-53

. Tir-nbs-p-loop, NB-ARC:1.2e-46 RC5G0675800 rc05 78567578 78569079 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.6-51

;. Tir-nbs-lrr-bhlh-myc_n-p-loop and . Rnbs-b,

. P-loop,

. Tir-nbs-lrr-bhlh-myc_n-p-loop, RC5G0689200 rc05 79887787 79891821, vol.TIR, pp.9-09

, RC5G0692400 rc05 80217334 80218912 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.4-36

, RC5G0693300 rc05 80481072 80482660 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.8-10

P. Nbs-lrr-tnib, , vol.8, pp.8-09

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, , vol.8, pp.5-05

, RC5G0695400 rc05 80792576 80794250 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.5-35

, RC5G0698000 rc05 81141362 81152942 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC5G0698100 rc05 81165421 81169898 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

. Rnbs-b, RC5G0699900 rc05 81493380 81497501 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.2-41

, RC5G0703200 rc05 81915928 81920392 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.1, pp.8-43

, RC5G0704100 rc05 82052760 82054580 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.9-57

, RC5G0707800 rc05 82510963 82516475 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.1-06

. Tir-nbs-p-loop, , pp.1-21

. P-loop, , pp.3-37

, RC5G0718200 rc05 83610483 83613250 TIR-NBS P-loop, vol.TIR, pp.9-15

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, , pp.7-13

, RC6G0010700 rc06 1085292 1090720 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.5-43

. Nbs-lrr-p-loop, NB-ARC:1.5e-30 RC6G0052000 rc06 5413192 5415967 NBS-LRR P-loop

. P-loop, , pp.2-05

, RC6G0123900 rc06 13531770 13533972 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.5-09

, NB-ARC:1.9e-23 RC6G0197000 rc06 22624488 22628680 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC6G0203300 rc06 23594062 23598587 NBS-LRR P-loop

. P-loop,

. Rnbs-b, RC6G0224800 rc06 26889034 26894819 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.9-14

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, LRR_8:0.0041 RC6G0256400 rc06 33268274 33273327 NBS-LRR P-loop

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

, RC6G0270900 rc06 35315757 35318664 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.8-31

, LRR_4:0.0099 RC6G0284500 rc06 37427969 37431126 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.1-46

, RC6G0323100 rc06 42663725 42665265 NBS P-loop, pp.7-42

, RC6G0362300 rc06 47266486 47268853 TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.3-33

;. Tir-nbs-p-loop and . Rnbs-b,

. P-loop, NB-ARC:6.2e-35 RC7G0023600 rc07 1475070 1477290 NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.7-12

, RC7G0033400 rc07 2140917 2144390 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC7G0133900 rc07 10173706 10179266 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.4-44

. Cc-nbs-lrr-p-loop, RC7G0244700 rc07 21016051 21020571 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.4-59, 20055775.

, RC7G0284000 rc07 25389959 25391583 NBS P-loop, pp.4-32

, NB-ARC:4.1e-37 RC7G0309000 rc07 28256648 28259491 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.3-76

, RC7G0319900 rc07 29491118 29495220 NBS-LRR P-loop

. Rnbs-b, LRR_8:0.0014 RC7G0321400 rc07 29647957 29650613 NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.1-05

, RC7G0400300 rc07 40886140 40891483 CC-TIR-NBS P-loop, pp.3-51

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

, RC7G0421200 rc07 44042650 44045331 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.8-46

. P-loop,

, RC7G0429900 rc07 45552832 45555696 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.7-13

. Cc-tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop, LRR_4:0.00012 RC7G0452700 rc07 49282300 49289216 TIR-NBS-LRR P-loop

, RC7G0461100 rc07 50173383 50178731 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.1-06

. Nbs-lrr-p-loop,

. P-loop, , pp.7-13

, RC7G0464500 rc07 50812770 50814191 CC-NBS DUF3656

. P-loop, , vol.8, pp.3-07

. Rnbs-b, RC7G0468200 rc07 51139885 51140885 NBS P-loop

. P-loop,

. P-loop,

. Rnbs-b, RC7G0469600 rc07 51262264 51265140 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop

. P-loop,

. P-loop, LRR_8:6.7e-05 RC7G0486200 rc07 53255434 53258352 CC-NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.7-08

, LRR_8:5.2e-08 -NBS-LRR P-loop, vol.8, pp.6-07

. P-loop,

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

;. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop and . Rnbs-b,

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

, RC7G0527800 rc07 59327412 59329960 CC-NBS P-loop, pp.7-44

, RC7G0530500 rc07 59779621 59782561 NBS-LRR P-loop, pp.3-06

. Tir-nbs-lrr-p-loop,

. Rnbs-b, RC7G0567700 rc07 65614421 65619817 NBS-LRR P-loop

. Supp, Genetic linkage map of the male parent hybrid, Rosa wichurana, for OW population 1115 Linkage groups (LG) names for the male map (B1 to B7) are placed above the corresponding linkage groups according 1116 to Spiller et al. 2011. Locus names are indicated on the right side of each LG. When several markers were mapped at 1117 a same position

, SSR markers are indicated in red. Genetic distances (cM) are indicated on the left side of each LG

, Genetic linkage map of the female parent, Rosa chinensis 'Old Blush', for OW population 1122 Linkage groups (LG) names for the female map (A1 to A7) are placed above the corresponding linkage groups. Locus 1123 names are indicated on the right side of each LG. When several markers were mapped at the same position, one or two 1124 markers were reported corresponding to the unique loci or markers with different phases. SSR markers are indicated 1125 in red, Rosa wichurana, for OW population Supp. Fig. 4

. Supp and . Fig, 7 QTL mapping associated with black spot disease (BSD) resistance for normally distributed data of HW 1145 population using a normal model with CIM analysis for the male map

, For HW population, 1147 BSD was scored in three locations: (A) Angers, (B) Bellegarde and (C) Diémoz. LOD score for each year and the 1148 mean of all years were calculated using a Composite Interval Mapping (CIM) method. The same set of colors is used 1149 to represent the different scoring years in the different locations, Linkage groups are named as follow: "B" for the male map and the number of the linkage group

. Supp and . Fig, 8 QTL mapping with black spot disease (BSD) resistance using a two-part model approach for non-1154 normally distributed data of HW population for the male map

, B" for the male map and the number of the linkage group. A to C: LOD curves 1156 of the two-part model analysis for spike-like distribution of HW BSD scoring years (Angers-2018 (A), 1157.

, LOD.? (penetrance, equivalent to binary model) displayed in blue, LOD.µ (severity, 1158 equivalent to normal model for non-spike phenotypes) displayed in green and LOD.?.µ (sum, representing the 1159 complete model) displayed in black

?. Ob-rh12gr_29955_578, , 510462838.