Young Europeans’ motivations, fears, needs and requirements regarding electronic identification: some comparative results from focus groups in four EU27 countries
Résumé
Moves towards an Information Society have, in most cases, enhanced the central problem of control over access to identity information. Until now, there has been little research concerning peoples’ perceptions (both in terms of risks and motivations) towards 1/ electronic identification (i.e. electronic disclosure of personal data) 2/ the adoption of some specific electronic identification systems (such as biometrics) in particular. The paper presents the results of a qualitative study - two focus groups were run in four European countries (France, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom) - aiming to better understand young European peoples’ (15 to 25 year olds) motivations, fears, needs and requirements regarding electronic identification and online self-disclosure. In total, 76 young people took part in the focus groups. The discussions were transcribed and then translated into English before undertaking a double textual analysis using Alceste© and Wordmapper© software. The results from the two textual analyses show both resemblances and disparities concerning the perceptions and motivations of young Europeans to reveal personal details online and to adopt such identification technologies. The similarities more particularly relate to: 1) the perceived risks related to the collection of personal data on line; and 2) the lack of knowledge and confidence towards public regulation. The comparative analysis confirms the cultural differences regarding these topics but also shows some similar views. Finally, most young people interviewed would like more control and better regulation concerning the data they provide. Implications for academics, practitioners and policy makers are provided.