The toilet training is an important step of the corporal and social development of the young child. It is particularly important in France because it conditions the entrance to the kindergarten which is cost-free. Indeed, the children who have not developed a sphincter control see their schooling in nursery school differed or cancelled. The most frequent disorders of the sphincter control are the encopresis and the enuresis, for which Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy CBT showed its efficiency. Nevertheless, the clinicians receive young children for psychological counseling for a different kind of sphincter control disorders. This is their incapacity or their difficulty to evacuate stools, i.e. to emit naturally stools. This disorder which belongs to dyschezia specter seems to be a new phenomenon. It brings the parents and their child in counselling, often after the meeting of a general practitioner and medical examinations denoting the absence of organic problems. We name this particular form of dyschezia which has a psychological etiology: psychological dyschezia. This article focus on dyschezia. At first, we draw up a current inventory of the dyschezia of a general point of view. We indicate the mechanisms of stools evacuation on its normal and pathological aspects. We present then the epidemiological studies which center more generally on the constipation. Finally, we detail the organic, functional and psychological causes involved in the dyschezia. Secondly, we focus on the psychological dyschezia. We define it as the incapacity or the difficulty evacuating stools (difficult or slow evacuation requiring prolonged efforts) or still the retention of the stools, in the absence of a current organic or functional alteration. Besides, we present the symptomatology in terms of the criteria allowing proceeding to the diagnosis. In the third time, we illustrate this phenomenon of psychological dyschezia with a case study. It is about a child, Maël who is 4 years old ½. He is received in counseling because since his entrance to nursery school, he does not succeed in going to stool (in toilet or potty) and can only reach the evacuation in his layer. Prior to kindergarten entrance, he had no particular problems and was able to go to stool normally. We present the functional analysis of the behavior problem and the etiopathogenic hypotheses (stress bound to the context change home-nursery school and fear of having pain during the push) and psychotherapeutic hypotheses (management of the stress bound to the nursery school, the learning of the push, deconditioning of the fear of having pain during the push). The therapy is then developed around two axes: the psychoeducation and the cognitive and behavioral therapy. The psychoeducation part aims at teaching to the child the normal mechanism of evacuation. It is also a question of understanding if the child perceives the cues indicating the need for evacuation and in this case, how he reacts. The cognitivo-behavioral part leans on media: figurines and miniature house. It focuses on one hand on the learning of the push at the level of the stomach by means of a figurine symbolizing the child. it also investigates the psychological world of the child and the affable to decrease the anxiety felt by toilet and fear of having pain during the push. On the psychotherapeutic plan we observe the clinical benefits (we followed several children for this problem) as Maël can go to stool normally from now on. It thus seems to us necessary to set up epidemiological and etiopathogenic researches, to confirm or invalidate our hypotheses about mechanisms which seem to us to underlie this problem, and so, to improve the therapy.